Background: Muslim political power penetrated into including Eastern India Bengal towards the beginning of 13th century A.D. Since then the Muslim Power extended to other parts ultimately covering the whole of Bengal and the Bengal remained under the Muslim rule till English East India Company established its authority, in the latter half of 18th century. Their economic & political condition was affected by permanent settlement of 1793 when many Muslim landlords lost their estates. Methodology: The method used in this study has been drawn from those favored in pure historical research as well as other disciplines. As the purpose here was to recreate a period of social-cultural history, a multidisciplinary approach was deemed more appropriate. Result: Muslim Society and especially for Muslim women in 19th Century was a juncture. In this time social crisis occurred and the effect of this crisis was the social condition of Muslim Women had been changed. But in the colonial period Muslim society had own custom. The effect of this customs on Muslim women had not well in every time. ‘Azaan’, ‘Purdah’, ‘Polygamy’ were the important custom of Muslim Society in 19th Century. Conclusion: A glance at the period of four decades (1900-1939) reveals that significant changes occurred in the institution of the family, its structures and ideology. The entire framework of the Muslim family was transformed under the impact of new socio-economic changes and the rise of a new domestic ideology that accompanied them.