Congenital absence of the teeth is the most commonly known developmental anomaly in humans. Hypodontia is congenital absence of one or a few teeth only, with a prevalence of 2.3% to 10.1% in the permanent dentition.Agenesis of the first permanent molars has the least frequency of all types and when present usually occurs in association with oligodontia or anodontia. It is easy to diagnose the agenesis of the permanent first molar retrospectively, based on the clinical morphology and x-ray photographic features of the permanent second molars features. In this case report we discuss about the agenesis of the permanent first molars and second premolars and encompass a comprehensive review of the literature on missing permanent first molars and second premolars. 

Keywords: Hypodontia; Missing teeth; Permanent first molar; Second premolar.