Mycotoxicosis is one of the major havoc to the poultry and pig industry. The modern studies revealed severe toxic potential of mycotoxins including carcinogenic, teratogenic and genotoxicity potential. Among several mycotoxins, Ochratoxin is one of the major public health concern toxicant. Ochratoxins are produced from Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium verrucosum. Amongst eight Ochratoxins, Ochratoxin A (OTA) is considered to be most pathogenic. OTA produced nephrotoxicity by oxidative damage and inhibition of protein synthesis. Mitigation of toxicity can be done by following rules and regulations and also by detoxification aiming at biological and chemical methods. Thus it is important to discuss the pathogenic role of the mycotoxins, its mechanism of toxicity, susceptible host, target organ and other epidemiological findings.

Keywords: Ochratoxins; Mitigation; Nephrotoxicity; Carcinogenicity.