The Maharashtra State has 234 lakh ha of land under cultivation and area under forest is 52.1 lakh ha. Many irrigation projects are being implemented to improve irrigation facilities. A watershed development programme is being implemented to ensure that soil and water conservation measures are implemented speedily in the unirrigated area. The State’s share in livestock and poultry population in India is about 6.3 per cent and 10.7 per cent, respectively. In the current series, i. e from 2011-12 to 2015-16, the GSVA of ‘Agriculture & Allied Activities’ sector has average share of 11.5 per cent in total GSVA (gross state value added)for the State and its average growth at constant (2011-12) basic prices is (-)2.0 per cent. The average share of ‘Agriculture & Allied Activities’ sector in GVA (gross value added) at basic prices is 17.9 per cent and it is growing at an average rate of 1.6 per cent. The agriculture sector has always remained a focal point of our economy. It embodies the three thrust areas viz. promotion of inclusive growth, enhancement in rural income and sustenance of food security. Since 1960, after the ‘Green Revolution’, the country has not witnessed any major technological breakthrough in agriculture except in few crops. The food safety net for the millions of citizens requires enhanced agricultural production and productivity with special attention towards pulses, oilseeds, fruits and vegetables which are essential for nutritional security. Various schemes are being implemented to improve performance in agriculture. Agricultural credit is one of the inputs for improving production & productivity and reducing farmers’ distress. The Government of India is aiming to cover about 50 per cent of farmers in the next two-three years through the ambitious Crop Insurance Scheme viz. ‘Prime Minister Fasal Bima Yojana’. The crop insurance schemes are useful to overcome the uncertainties in agriculture.