Introduction: Fistula-in-ano is a very common ano-rectal condition with wide spectrum of aetiology with a prevalence 8.6 to 10/100,000 of the population per year. Establishing a cure is problematic due to location of the diseased part, that makes the patient refrain from early consultation and this delays in treatment. Fistula causes appreciable morbidity and inconvenience to the patient and there is scarcity of studies on its etiopathogenesis, clinical features, investigations and treatment. Hence, this study was undertaken to study the clinical and pathological presentations, efficacy of surgical modalities and treatment outcomes.

Material And Methods: An observational study was conducted during the study period (April 2017 to March 2018) on patients admitted at Kamalnayan Bajaj Hospital for the evaluation of Fistula in ano, 90 patients were enrolled in the study after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria and taking written/verbal informed consent. The patients underwent either fistulectomy and fistulotomy according to the criteria decided.

Results: In our study, incidence was noticed more in the age group of 31-40 years 40%, and more in males. 70% of patients belonged to lower socio-economic status; incidence was more common in among drivers 30%. The commonest mode of presentation was discharging pus in 70% of cases. Majority of the patients 80% underwent fistulectomy. Among 72 patients who underwent fistulectomy, all the patients responded with complete healing after surgery.

Conclusion: It was concluded that history, clinical examination, per rectal and perineal examination helps to diagnose the condition. Proctoscopy, sigmoidoscopy and MRI examination helps in diagnosing complicated cases. It is curable disease by the treatment of surgery along with necessary antibiotics, analgesics and good post-operative wound management.