The World’s first Paediatricians Kashyapa and Jeevaka were Indians, who lived in the sixth century B.C. and whose pioneering works on the child care and children’s diseases were as relevant today as many of the modern concepts of child health. The first manuscripts on the management of children, some years before Christ, were Kashyapa Samhita and Vridha Jeevaka Tantra, both scholarly treatises on child care and children’s diseases brought out by Jeevaka, Kashyapa’s pupil. The chapter on Kumarbhrata (i.e. service to children) in his Sushruta Samhita, the classical encyclopedia of Ayurvedic medicine, was perhaps the first record of paediatrics anywhere in the World.[1]

Keywords: World’s first paediatrician; Kashypa; Kashyapa Samhita; Jeevaka; Vridha Jeevaka Tantra.