Background: Caesarian section is the one of the most commonly performed operation worldwide. LSCS is the most commonly used type of caesarian section.The increase in LSCS rate has been a global phenomenon.In a developing country like India there is an increasing trend of caesarian section with increase in the institutional deliveries and growing access to obstetric care. Material & Methods: A Retrospective observational study was conducted in the department of OBG at the Raichur institute of medical sciences, Raichur from 1^st January 2015 to 30th June 2015. During this period 1352 deliveries were conducted and among these 362 who underwent LSCS were selected for the study. Results: The maximum incidences of caesarian section were in the age group of 20- 25 years (43.5%). Maximum patients belonged to primigravida (50.3%). Majority of the study group were booked patients (60.5%). Previous LSCS was the leading cause of caesarian section in 28.4% of cases followed by CPD in 13.6% of cases. Conclusion: Previous caesarean section was the leading indication for a caesarean delivery in this study group. Therefore a careful individualization of every case, meticulous clinical examination and use of intensive intrapartumfoeto maternal surveillance could probably reduce the rates of caesarean section.

Keywords: Caesarian Section; Foetal Distress; CPD.