Fat embolism (FE) is defined as a blockage of vasculature by fat globules that originate either from bone marrow or adipose tissue. It mainly affects the lungs, but can also affect the skin, retina, and central nervous system. FE is very common after long bone fractures, but this may lead to a rare clinical entity called fat embolism syndrome (FES), a systemic inflammatory cascade affecting multiple organ systems which has a high mortality and morbidity. We report a case of a 22 year old male presented with left femur fracture after a mechanical fall. Orthopedic repair was done, but he developed FES and ARDS on 2nd day of the injury following which he was aggressively anaged for these complications of his long bone fracture and was discharged in a stable condition after 16 days.

Keywords: Trauma; Femur Fracture; Fat Embolism Syndrome; Acute Respiratory Syndrome.