The use and the knowledge of medicinal plants exist throughout the world, where human beings have been using these plants in curing all types of diseases and ailments in their traditional methods since the beginning of their very lives. While, its effectiveness have been proven beyond doubt and documented throughout several ethnic communities of the world, it has not been documented in the case of Tangkhul Naga community. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to identify and compile the knowledge of medicinal plants traditionally used by the Tangkhul Naga community of Manipur. Methods: An extensive questionnaire based survey was conducted among 80 key informants from 15 Tangkhul villages, along with the help of interview schedule. The informants included village elders, ‘medicine men’ or ‘traditional healers’, ‘bone setters’, ‘divine healers’ and health workers. Result: As many as 72 species of plants distributed in 69 genera belonging to 44 families were identified and reported by the informants. Out of which, highest number of plants belong to the Asteraceae family, followed by Lamiaceae, Solanaceae and Zingiberaceae families. While, leaves were found to be the most common parts used, decoction and juice were the most common method of preparing medicines and treatment to various ailments and diseases. Conclusion: The primary health care facilities provided by the government are virtually in a dysfunctional state in the overwhelming majority of the rural villages. Hence, people would still rely on their crude and traditional knowledge of using medicinal plants to treat various minor diseases and ailments. It still provides not only basic health care to an individual living in the rural villages, but also to the large section of the people of this community.