Evaluation & comparison of corneal endothelial cell density and cell morphology changes between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and age matched controls.

Materials and methods: A case control study is conducted at the out patient department at S Nijalingappa Medical college HSK Hospital and Research Centre, Bagalkot from December 2019 - June 2021. A total of 130 study subjects, patients were enrolled into two groups, 65 patients known case of diabetics and 65 non-diabetic age matched controls. All patients under went complete ophthalmic evaluation along with endothelial cell parameters.

Results: The mean endothelial cell density in diabetic group was significantly reduced compared tonon diabetic. There was higher co-efficient of variation and lower hexagonal cells in diabetic group.

Conclusion: The study concludes that the endothelial cell density was lower in diabetic group compared to controls. Thealtered endothelial cell morphology was significantly seen in form of polymegathismand pleomorphism (hexagonality). We also found that there is some positive correlation with duration of disease and endothelial cell densityin diabetic group.

Keyword: Diabetes Mellitus; Endothelial Cell Density; Co-efficient of Variation; Hexgonality.