Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) is considered as one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide including India. The aim of this review is to explore and summarize the relationship between air pollution and CVD. Studies have demonstrated that exposures to air pollution have both short and long term effects on mortality. Air pollution comprises of particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), dust, fumes and gases. Therefore, in the recent past there is growing affirmation that long time exposure to air pollution is linked to the development of various CVD like coronary artery disease, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias and arrest and cerebrovascular diseases. The biological mechanisms such as inflammation and oxidative stress seem to contribute to the occurrence of these diseases due to the exposure to ambient air pollutants. Air pollution can be considered as a modifiable risk factor for the prevention and the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, future research should focus on ways to reduce or eradicate air pollution methods so that these could be implemented in the public domain.