Hypertension and Prehypertension are a common condition of children associated with high mortality and morbidity. It has its origin in early childhood and goes undetected unless and until specially looked for during this period. Globalization and urbanisation has brought more changes in the lifestyle of adolescent boys and girls, who are exposed to multiple risk factors like increase in weight gain, habit of eating junk foods, school and carrier stress, less physical work, less outdoor games and hereditary risk factors. Early detection and diagnosis of hypertension and prehypertension is an important strategy in its control, treatment and prevention of complications in children. Hypertension and prehypertension are one of the major killer diseases in the world. For early detection of hypertension, accurate blood pressure measurements should be a routine part of annual physical examination of
all children after three years of age.