Introduction: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, and the seventh overall, Use of IMRT in pelvic malignancies has shown reduced radiation exposure to adjacent bowel and bladder. IMRT is superior to conventional techniques in normal tissue sparing for the treatment of cervical cancer. Aims: To assess and compare the acute toxicities of Conventional RT with concurrent chemotherapy & IMRT with concurrent chemotherapy. Material and Methods: This Prospective randomised study was conducted in the Department of Radiation Oncology for a period of 2 years in 120 patients, who satisfied the eligibility criteria with 60 patients in each group, A and B. 1 patient in Group A and 3 patients in Group B defaulted during External Beam Radiotherapy. 116 patients were evaluated at the end of study, 59 in IMRT arm (Group A) and 57 in Conventional RT arm (Group B). Results: All the patients in the study were of squamous histology with moderately differentiated being the most common grade in the groups, 61.7% in Group A and 48.3% in Group B. 98.3% patients in Group A and 95% patients in Group B completed the planned treatment. Out of those who completed treatment, 72.9% patients in Group A and 73.7% patients in Group B completed it in ≤ 56 days. The cause of treatment delay was acute toxicity in 31.3% of patients in Group A and 20% of patients in Group B. The most common acute toxicity seen was upper gastrointestinal toxicity seen in the form of nausea and vomiting. Complete response at first follow up was seen in 81% patients in Group A and 75.4% patients in Group B. After completion of study, locoregional control was seen in 89.8% patients in Group A and 87.6% patients in Group B. Locoregional failure was seen in 6.8% patients in Group A and 5.3%patients in Group B. Distant metastasis was seen in 3.4% patients in Group A and 5.3% patients in Group B. Conclusions: Toxicity between the two modalities was comparable with advantage of IMRT in reducing the acute lower gastrointestinal toxicity. The loco-regional control was comparative in both groups.

Keywords: Cervical cancer: Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy; External Beam Radiotherapy.