Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and its incidence continues to rise. Thyroid carcinoma in most cases presents clinically as a solitary nodule or as a dominant nodule within a multinodular thyroid gland. In general population, thyroid nodules are very common with reported prevalence of 47% of adults. The challenge to clinicians is to identify the minority of thyroid nodules that harbour malignancy from the majority which can be managed conservatively. There are a number of well established of predictors of malignancy in thyroid nodules. More recently a few studies have suggested that higher concentration of TSH, even within the normal range are associated with subsequent diagnosis of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules and even higher serum TSH levels have been found associated with advanced stages of thyroid cancer.

Aims And Objectives: To evaluate the association between Serum Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration and Thyroid cancer and also to assess whether Serum TSH levels are of value in predicting malignancy in patients with thyroid swellings. Materials And Methods: A both prospective and retrospective study was designed, including total of 90 cases of thyroid cancer. Age, sex, serum TSH concentration, nodule size and pathology were evaluated. The association between serum TSH concentrations and thyroid cancer was analysed.

Results: In our study maximum number of thyroid cancer patients (79 out of 90) had Serum TSH concentrations ranging 1.71 mIU/L5.5mIU/ L i.e. within normal range but towards higher range. Even mean serum TSH concentrations in our study was found to be high in advanced stages of carcinoma had mean serum TSH concentration of 5.27 mIU/L.

Conclusion: The higher rate of thyroid malignancy observed in patients with higher serum TSH concentration is caused by tropic effect of TSH on thyroid tissue that promotes neoplasia and carcinogenesis. Baseline serum TSH concentration can be used as a biochemical predictor of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodule. High serum TSH concentration in patients with thyroid cancer patients can signifies more aggressive and advanced cancer stage, at diagnosis.