Background and Aim: Endometrial aspiration cytology is a diagnostic modality for studying cyto-harmonal changes and for evaluating endometrial pathology ranging from inflammatory changes, hyperplasia and endometrial malignancies. Present study was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of endometrial aspiration technique and to compare the cyto-morphology of aspirated smears with histopathology. Materials and Method: Present study was carried out at a department of pathology GMERS Medical College, Gotri, Vadodara, Gujarat. Endometrial aspiration was performed using Karman’s cannula in 100 cases who presented with abnormal uterine bleed, infertility and postmenopausal bleed. The endometrial specimens obtained by D & C were processed and evaluated histologically. The endometrial aspirated smears were correlated with histopathology findings for diagnostic accuracy. Results: The study cases included 48 patients in reproductive age group and 52 patients in the perimenopausal and postmenopausal age groups. The diagnostic accuracy on cytology was 90% when compared to histology. The smears were inadequate for reporting in eight cases. The sensitivity of endometrial cytology was 93% and specificity was 85.7%. Conclusion: Endometrial aspiration technique with Karman’s cannula is convenient, simple, safe and less invasive procedure. The endometrial aspiration cytology proved to be effective diagnostic modality in the interpretation of normal and abnormal endometrium. The present study emphasizes the need for early screening to diagnose pre-invasive lesions and endometrial malignancies in peri-menopausal and postmenopausal patients.

Keywords: Cytology; Endometrial Aspiration; Histopathology; Malignancies.