Introduction: Renal diseases are responsible for a great deal of morbidity and mortality. Millions of people are affected annually by fatal and non fatal kidney diseases. Many of the diseases result in end stage renal disease showing typical gross and microscopic features. Thus the present study was undertaken to explore, elucidate and document the kidney lesions at nephrectomy. Methodology: The study was retrospective as well as prospective and included 80 nephrectomy specimens over a period of 3 yrs. The gross morphology and the microscopic sections were studied. Results: In the present study, a total of 80 cases of nephrectomy specimens were studied. Of these 80 cases, 45 were non-neplastic lesions (56.25%). Conclusion: Chronic pyelonephritis was most commonly found.