Background: Urethral Stricture Disease is a disease affecting middle-aged men. The causes of urethral stricturecan be categorized as congenital, traumatic, inflammatory, malignant, ischaemicand degenerative. The aim of the study was to compare the short-term treatment outcomes in urethral stricture disease following VIU and Urethroplasty. Materials and Methods: It is a non - randomized prospective study conducted in 50 Men with a diagnosis of Urethral stricture disease, who underwent Urethroplasty (n=25), VIU (n=25). Pre-operative symptom assessment and investigations were done and treatment outcomes such as Subjective assessment, Objective tests and complications were studied. Statistical Analysis: Chi square test, Cramer’s V test, Repeated Measures ANOVA was the tests used for statistical analysis of data using SPSS software. Result & Discussion: In the study groups, Uroflowmetry showed significant improvements in both groups at 1, 3- and 6-months follow-up visits. Secondary procedure was required in 28% of the patients, 16% in Group 1 and 40% in Group 2. Although patients in Group 2 required a secondary procedure more frequently than those in Group 1, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.059). There was a decline in the Qmax during follow-up at 3 and 6 months. The Mean fall in Qmax at 3 months and 6 months was 3.6 ml/sec and 1.56 ml/sec respectively in Group 1, and 5.52 ml/sec and 0 ml/sec respectively in Group 2. Although short-term results with the present study reflect a very high success rate favouring BMG substitution urethroplasty, a larger cohort and a longer follow-up may be required for a better assessment of this modality for management of USD. 

Keywords: Urethral Stricture disease; Visual Internal urethrotomy; Urethroplasty; Buccal Mucosa Graft Urethroplasty.