AbstractIntroduction: Cesarean section is defined as the birth of a fetus through incisions in the abdominal wall (laparotomy) and the uterine wall (hysterotomy). This method of delivery has been the most important operations in obstetrics and gynaecology due to its life saving value to both mother and fetus. Because huge numbers of women undergo cesarean section, even small differences in techniques could translate into improved health for substantial number of women, and significant cost savings. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha from December 2011 to September 2013. A total of 200 cases were taken who had documentation of previous cesarean. Mode of delivery of the present pregnancy and type of repeat cesarean was noted. Indication of previous cesarean, previous elective or emergency caesarean and interval between the two pregnancies was compared with the present uterine scar using the statistical package SPSS,version 7. Results: Out of 200 patients with previous caesarean, 82 (41%) had interpregnancy interval of less than 3 years and 118 (59%) had more than 3 years. 170 (85%) underwent repeat caesarean, 17(8.5%) had normal vaginal delivery, 13 (6.5%) had instrumental delivery, 1 (0.5%) had laparotomy for rupture uterus following vaginal delivery. Out of 170 cases who underwent repeat caesarean section, majority i.e. 130 (76.5%) underwent repeat elective cesarean section and 40 (23.5%) underwent repeat emergency cesarean section. Out of 171 cases that underwent surgery, majority i.e. 92(53.8%) had normal scar, 71(41.5%) had thinned out scar, 6(3.5%) had incomplete rupture and 2 (1.2%) had complete scar rupture. Conclusion: The relation between the indication of previous cesarean, previous elective or emergency caesarean, interpregnancy interval and present elective or emergency cesarean with the present uterine scar was not significant.