Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (SCBC) is a type of rare malignant tumor of the urinary tract. As it does not have specific symptoms and its epidemiological features are similar to transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, it is often misdiagnosed. SCBC is highly aggressive, metastasizes very early and has a poor prognosis, and consequently, it has become a focus for urological surgeons and oncologists. An A 60yearold smoker, man was admitted to our hospital with a 6month history of right pelvic pain, multiples episodes of gross, painless, hematuria, dysuria, and extreme fatigue. Abdominal computed tomography showed a neoplasm of 6x3 cm on the left posteriolateral wall of the bladder. The initial diagnosis was of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and surgery was performed to remove the tumor. However, the subsequent pathological examination suggested that the tumor was a small cell carcinoma. Small cell carcinoma is a highly malignant disease, with a high mortality rate, and it rarely occurs in the bladder. Upon review of a large number of studies, SCBC was not found to present with specific symptoms, making the early diagnosis of the disease difficult, however, and commonly occurring symptoms included dysuria, painless gross hematuria and urinary tract obstruction.

Keywords: Small Cell Carcinoma; Chemotherapy.