The river Jalangi was selected for the present studies not only to evaluate the increasing rate of pollution but also its effects on aquatic micro flora, because people incognito often use aquatic plants as vegetables, which are in turn the habitat of those microbes that may in turn cause severe human diseases. The river water contamination with hazardous waste and wastewater is becoming a common phenomenon. The water quality and human health are closely related. The domestic waste from each building along with the effluent of small scale industries is disposed off into the open drains and gutters which ultimately enter into the river. Thus, all these factors might have an effect on the soil composition and nutrient dynamics of phytoplankton. In our present study we tried our level best to sort out this fact by selecting the dominant phytoplankton of river Jalangi and their nutrient dynamics.