Poliomyelitis is an acute enteroviral disease which can result in Acute Flaccid Paralysis in infants and children. Two highly efficacious and safe vaccines are available for prevention of Polio. The 41st World Health Assembly adopted universal resolution to eradicate polio by 2000. This led to the launch of Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI). Through Routine Immunization and Supplementary immunization Activity (SIA), number of polio cases reduced by 99%, between 1988 to 2013. Four WHO Regions have been certified as polio free. Development of Vaccine-derived Poliovirus from use of attenuated Oral Polio Vaccine halted the progress of polio eradication. The other challenge is importation of Wild Poliovirus due to International travel. The “Emergency Committee” of WHO under International Health Regulation (2005) considered this spread of Polio as Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) and formulated certain guidelines for the respective countries. The end phase of Polio eradication needs focused and vigorous effort from all sectors.

Keywords: Poliomyelitis; VDPV; International Travel.