There is no indicator in human biology, which tells us so much about the past events and   the future trajectory of life, as the weight of infant at birth.”  Low birth weight is one of the most serious challenges in maternal and child health in both  developed and developing countries. The lower birth weight; the lower survival chance. Main  attention has been given in recent years to ways and means of preventing LBW through good prenatal care and intervention programs by our Indian government. But still rate of LBW baby is higher in our country. So now we are in position to take care of LBW baby in excellent manner.  The staff nurses have great role in reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality through the care  of low birth weight baby because in the initial days they are the prime care givers to the new born  baby. So nurses should have a proper knowledge about the care of LBW babies. According to World Health Organization (WHO), globally about 25 million Low Birth Weight babies are born each year consisting of 17% of all live births. Approximately 16 to 18% neonates  born in developing world are of Low Birth Weight having a weight of less than 2500 gm. Also  it defines very low birth weight infants (irrespective of gestational age) as neonates born less  than 1500 gm and extremely low birth weight2 as less than 1000gm or less. Of these babies,  approximately one third dies before stabilization or in the first twelve hours.