The doctrine of proportionality is a legal principle that aims to balance competing interests in    situations where fundamental rights are at stake. In India, the right to privacy is a fundamental right that has been recognized by the Supreme Court. The scope and ambit of the doctrine of proportionality with respect to the right to privacy in India are vast and complex. The doctrine of proportionality requires that any infringement on the right to privacy be proportionate to the legitimate aim sought to be achieved by the state. The state must demonstrate that the infringement is necessary and proportionate to the legitimate aim sought to be achieved. The doctrine also requires that the least intrusive means be used to achieve the legitimate aim. In India, the scope of the doctrine of proportionality with respect to the right to privacy has been expanded by the Supreme Court in recent years. The Supreme Court has recognized
that the right to privacy is not an absolute right and may be subject to reasonable restrictions. However, any restrictions imposed on the right to privacy must be proportionate and must not be excessive. The ambit of the doctrine of proportionality with respect to the right to privacy in India extends to various aspects of modern life, including surveillance, data protection, and online privacy. The Supreme Court has recognized that the right to privacy extends to informational privacy, which includes the protection of personal data. Overall, the doctrine of proportionality plays a critical role in balancing the competing interests of the state and individuals with respect to the right to privacy in India. It requires the state to demonstrate that any infringement on the right to privacy is necessary and proportionate to the legitimate aim sought to be achieved.