The aim of this letter is directed to exploring the underlying evidence for the role of genetic factors in development of a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), the diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Genetic factors played a pathogenetic, predisposing role and also a protective therapeutic role in development and amelioration of DPN respectively. 

Keywords: Genetic endocrinology; Molecular metabolism; Diabetic neuropathy; Neurobiochemical markers.