Introduction: Difference in tooth size is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Biometric norms however, may be specific to an ethnic group and cannot be always applied to other ethnic types. Objectives: To find nominative data on the mesiodistal crown dimensions of permanent teeth in Sudanese population and to compare the findings with those reported in other populations. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in Faculties of AL-Neelain university, Khartoum, Sudan. A total of 104 Sudanese subjects presented with normal occlusion (52 males and 52 females), aged 16–26 years (mean 20.1 years) were included in the study. The mesiodistal width of the teeth were measured with a digital Vernier caliper. Results: Males had significantly larger teeth than females (p < 0.05) in all teeth except upper lateral incisors and upper left second premolar. The maxillary second premolar in female showed the greatest variability [coefficient of variation (CV) 10%] and the maxillary first premolar in female the least (CV 5.375%) in mesiodistal crown dimension. Maxillary canines displayed greater sexual dimorphism (0.4535 mm) in mesiodistal crown size than in any other tooth classes. Comparisons of the mesiodistal crown dimensions between population groups showed that Sudanese have tooth sizes close to those of North Indians and Jordanians but smaller than those of Nigerian. Conclusions: From this study, a standard for the mesiodistal crown dimensions of permanent dentition of Sudanese males and females are obtained.

Keywords: Crown dimension; Mesiodistal width; Permanent dentition.