Introduction: Amniotic fluid provides the fetus with an environment to move and grow. The present study was conducted to assess maternal and fetal outcomes in cases with oligohydramnios.

Methodology: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of a tertiary care teaching hospital Faridabad, Haryana from February 2019 till January 2020. Oligohydramnios was defined as amniotic fluid index (AFI) of less than
5 cm on ultrasonography. Additionally, we included a control group of pregnant women from the same antenatal clinic who had AFI of more than 5 cm.

Results: During the study period, we included 80 patients with oligohydramnios and another 80 mothers who did not have oligohydramnios. Among those with oligohydramnios, 69% underwent
LSCS, while in the other study group, only 38% underwent LSCS. We observed that fetal distress was significantly more common among cases with oligohydramnios as compared to those without oligohydramnios (39% vs 9%, p value < 0.001). Nonreactive NST was observed in 65% in those with oligohydramnios, while it was observed in only 21% in those without oligohydramnios (p value < 0.001).
Significantly higher proportion of cases had AGPAR score of less than 7 in the oligohydramnios groups as compared to the non-oligohydramnios group at 1 and 5 minutes (p value < 0.01).

Conclusions: We recommend screening antenatal mothers with AFI to detect possible high risk cases atan early stage, so that the obstetric team can prepare accordingly.