Introduction: Effective post surgical pain management is essential for the recovery and rehabilitation process. Intravenous injection brings more rapid pain relief than other methods.In this study, We had compared Inj. Nalbuphine, Inj. Tramadol and Inj. Ketorolac given intravenously for post operative pain relief in patients who underwent ower limb orthopaedic surgeries Aim: To compare the analgesic efficacy and side effects of intravenous Nalbuphine, Tramadol and Ketorolac for postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgeries under spinal anesthesia. Methodology: After obtaining informed consent and institutional ethical committee approval, 1 50 patients were randomly assigned to one of the three study groups (Group T, Group K, and Group N) based on computer generated random numbers Each group consists of 50 patients
Group ‘T’ received Inj. Tramadol 2mg/kg IV
Group ‘K’ received Inj. Ketorolac 0.4mg/kg IV
Group ‘N’ received Inj. Nalbuphine 0.3mg/kg IV
Spinal anaesthesia was performed in sitting position using 25 G spinal needle under aseptic precaution using 0.5% Bupivacaine hyperbaric solution. Intra operatively hemodynamic variables like pulse rate, Blood pressure, ECG, SpO2 monitored. 90 minutes after spinal Anaesthesia each group of patients were administered their respective drug intravenously irrespective of completion
of surgery. Post operatively following parameters were monitored every hour for a period of 24 hours. 1. hemodynamics
2. Pain score
3. Sedation Score.
Results: There is no significant difference in demography.The changes in hemodynamics and sedation are more in Group N than other groups.
Conclusion: Nalbupine has more analgesic effect than ketorolac and tramadol with more sedation.