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Indian Journal of Anesthesia and Analgesia

Volume  12, Issue 1, Jan -March 2025, Pages 57-60
 

Case Report

A Case Report on Early-Onset Local Anesthetic Toxicity

Sushma Athota S.1, Nazia Nazir2, Samiksha Khanuja3, Ruchi Singh4, Savita Gupta5, Anupriya Saxena6

1 Junior Resident, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive care & Pain Medicine, Government Institute of Medical   Sciences, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.  2 Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive care & Pain Medicine, Government Institute of Medical Sciences,  Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. 3 Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive care & Pain Medicine, Government Institute of Medical Sciences,  Greater Noida, Utta

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DOI: 10.21088/ijaa.2349.8471.12125.11

Abstract

Systemic toxicity of local anesthetics results from excessive plasma concentrations of these drugs, most often from accidental intravascular injection. Systemic reactions primarily involve the CNS and the cardiovascular system. In general, the CNS is more susceptible to the actions of systemic local anesthetics than the cardiovascular system is, and thus the dose or blood level of local anesthetic required to produce CNS toxicity is usually lower than that resulting in circulatory collapse[1]. Here we present the case of a 45-year-old male patient who had ultrasonography guided supra-clavicular brachial plexus block. The patient had an episode of seizure immediately (with-in 30 sec) after administering the local anesthetic (13 ml given in 5 ml aliquots injected after negative aspiration). He was treated with intravenous midazolam (2 mg stat) and supplemental oxygen via facemask. He had no neurological symptoms afterwards. All laboratory tests and radiological investigations were normal. This case report records the occurrence of local anesthetic toxicity observed as seizure activity, after ultrasound guided brachial plexus block due to accidental intravascular injection, as negative aspiration of the syringe does not always exclude intravascular placement.
 


Keywords : Case report • Local anesthetic toxicity • Supraclavicular brachial plexus block • Seizure • Intravascular injection
Corresponding Author : Nazia Nazir,