.Pulmonary aspiration is the inhalation of the oropharyngeal or gastric contents into the larynx and the respiratory tract. Mendelson described the potential consequences of abolished airwayexes underanaesthesiaandthesubsequentaspirationof gastric contents,knownasMendelson’ssyndrome. Pulmonary aspiration occurs1in900 to1in10000 cases of general anesthesia administered.Mortality rateofpatientswhohadaspirationrangesfrom0to 4.6%.Theincidenceofaspirationunderanaesthesia isgreaterwithhigherASA status and emergency surgery. Prevention of pulmonary aspiration is one of the main goals of anesthetic practice. Problems associated with extubation are often more common than those occurring at intubation. Aspiration of solid matter can cause hypoxia by physical obstruction, whereas aspiration of acidic gastriccauses pneumonitis with progressive dyspnoea, hypoxia, wheeze, and patchy collapse with consolidation in the chest radiograph. The risk of morbidity and mortality increases with bronchial exposure to greater volumes and acidity of the aspirated material.