Bioterrorism can be described as hazardous effects produced due to the intentional release or dissemination of biological agents. They may be naturally occurring bacteria, viruses, or toxins, and may be in a naturally occurring or a human-modified form. Bioagents are readily available in the modern world and are relatively inexpensive to produce, store and transport from one country to another and can affect livestock health & productivity. The increased bioterrorism is due to the advances in biotechnology, the increased availability of dual-use materials and the ease of transporting biological agents across borders. Bio-security is implementation of measures to prevent the introduction of infectious agents into a healthy population of animals or limit the spread of disease by adopting isolation, traffic control, sanitation, vaccination, serological monitoring of diseases and air quality etc. The bioterrorism has significance not only in livestock but also indirectly affecting the human health and safety hence it is important to bring awareness on bioterrorism.

Keywords: Bioterrorism; Bacteria; Viruses; Toxins; Vaccination; Serological monitoring.