Introduction: Out of different variations in axilla, the most understood is a muscular or fibromuscular slip known as Axillary Arch Muscle. Different studies have shown presence of this muscle having incidence of 7-8%. Material and Method: The present study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, Dr. D.Y.Patil Medical College, Kolhapur, and Maharashtra. Result: The axillary arch was found unilaterally in two cadavers (one male and one female) and bilaterally in two female cadavers. All the 6 arches arose from the anterior border of the latissimus dorsi muscle, crossed over the neurovascular bundle in the axilla and inserted to the fascia covering the deep surface of pectoralis major or on inferior surface of clavicle. In Female cadaver found on left side, the axillary arch muscle was compression the axillary vein. The axillary vein showed dilatation proximally with narrowing at the site of crossing of the axillary arch muscle while distally the vein showed normal calibre. Very interesting Arch was noted in male cadaver of 58 years. Unilateral on left side Axillary Arch muscle was seen along with variation in Posterior cord of brachial plexus. Axillary Arch muscle is more common in female group. Conclusion: There is increase in number of females suffering from Carcinoma of Mammary gland, so it is need of the time oncosurgeons, plastic surgeons and radiologist know the details of this muscle. This muscle variant can lead to compression of vessels also nerves, so it is very important to understand signs and symptoms of the same.

Keywords: Axillary Arch; Axillary Vein; Posterior Cord.