AbstractMyostatin (MSTN) is a recently identified muscle growth regulator, which belongs to decapentaplegic-Vg-related (DVR) related subfamily of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-â) superfamily. Molecular genetic studies in various species have determined that mutations in MSTN gene results in dramatic increase in muscle growth due to hyperplasia and hypertrophy. It is expressed predominantly in skeletal muscle and acts as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth by suppressing proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts and satellite cells in mammals. It has high affinity for the activin IIB receptor and weak affinity for active IIA receptor. The MSTN signaling pathways have been categorized into Smad-mediated and Non Smad pathways. The present review mainly emphasizes on history, regulation and various strategies to block MSTN signaling pathway.