This Pre-Experimental approach was used with one group pre-test and post-test design. The Investigator used convenient Sampling technique for selecting the 50 samples. In the view of the nature of the problem and the accomplishment of the objectives of the study, a planned teaching Programme regarding Vaccine Preventable Diseases was prepared for the samples. A Structured Knowledge Questionnaire and Likert’s attitude rating scale were prepared to assess the knowledge and the attitude of the Samples. Validity and Reliability was done before data collection. Descriptive and Inferential statistics was used to analyze the data. The data demonstrated there was significant increase in the knowledge and attitude of mothers of under five-year children after the administration of the structured teaching Programme regarding Vaccine Preventable Diseases. Hence it is concluded that planned teaching Programme was effective in improving knowledge and attitude of the mothers of under five year children at selected rural area of Anand District. Thus out of 50 respondents under study, Age group of 20-24 years (30%), Religion Muslim (38%), Type of family of Joint family (52%), Education Status of Graduate (40%), Family Income above 15001/- of (40%), Source of Knowledge from other factors (36%), No of under five children is 4>= (40%), Age of child average of 3 to 5 (42%). The mean pre test knowledge score was 15.98 and the mean post test knowledge score was 20.38.The mean pre test attitude score was 53.88 and the mean post test attitude score was 75.7. and Significance of the difference between pre test and post test knowledge, attitude and practice was statistically tested using paired ‘t’ test and it was found significant at 0.05 level of significance. Thus rejecting the null hypotheses and accepting the research Hypotheses. The Correlation was found moderately positive correlation. And also found the significant association of post test knowledge and attitude score. There was proved that the Structured teaching Programme was effective in improving the knowledge and attitude of the mother of under five year children at selected Primary Health Center of Anand District.