One of the most understudied tissues of brain, choroid plexus (ChP), universally recognized as the source of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). ChP and its secretions, CSF have significant intimacy with health status of brain and they dynamically regulate the central nervous system (CNS) related diseases. In spite of various experimental issues and lack of clinical salience, resent research sparked some new hypothesis, which provides the possible means how ChP and CSF regulate nervous system structure and function. As the key producer of cerebrospinal fluid, the choroid plexus endows with an essential and unique protective system, brain development, homeostasis and disease conditions that are merrily regulated by active signaling milieu of CSF. From the childhood to adult, the role of CSF and the key neurogenic pathways have been illustrated by various scientific research groups. CSF is an excellent source of biological information of central nervous system and the identification of putative CNS disease biomarkers highlighted recently. The families of proteins which are involved in development, neuronal cell growth, maturation, migration, neurotransmitter mediated cellular communication represent the CNS pathogenesis and help in clinical management of CNS diseases. The advanced proteomic researches have enabled to improve the characterization of CSF in diseased brain. CSF function continued to be an intensive area of research today. As the ChP-CSF system interacts with essentially every other system in the CNS, in this review article, the igniting role of CP-CSF function will be discussed.

Keywords: Choroid plexus; Cerebrospinal fluid; Neural stem cells; Neurogenesis.