Objective: To analyze the spectrum of Oral lesions detected in
a tertiary health care hospital, in Nanded, Maharashtra. Materials
and Methods: This is a 1 year prospective study from January 2018
to December 2018. All the oral cavity specimens received in the
Department of Pathology, Dr. Shankarrao Chavan Government
Medical College, Nanded) during the study period was included
for the study. Data regarding the age, sex, clinical complaints
of subjects, location and type of lesions were obtained for each
case. All the histological sections were stained in hematoxylin &
eosin stain mounted. All the histological sections were examined
microscopically & findings were recorded and tabulated. Results: A
total of 60 cases were analyzed during the study period. The age
group ranged from 3 to 70 years in the study. Overall males were
affected more than the females with male:female (M:F) ratio of 1.6:1.
Buccal mucosa (43.34%) was the commonest site involved followed
by tongue (30%). Maximum lesions were malignant: 40%, followed by
benign lesions: 35%, premalignant lesions: 15% and non-neoplastic
lesion: 10%. Among the neoplastic lesion, squamous cell carcinoma
(SCC) was seen in 75% cases; verrucous carcinoma in 20.83% and of
adenoid cystic carcinoma in 4.16% cases of neoplastic oral lesions.
Mild Dysplsia, 45.45% was the most common premalignant lesion,
hemangioma was the commonest benign oral lesions 54.16% and
Inflammatory lesions 50% were the most common non-neoplastic
lesion. Most common chief complaint was growth in oral cavity (42
cases, 70%). It was also noted that tobacco chewing was the most
prevalent habit amongst the patients with oral lesions, comprising
of 21 cases (35%). Conclusion: A variety of lesions were encountered
in the study with predominance of malignant lesions. Squamous
cell carcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion, and buccal
mucosa was the commonest site involved.
Keywords: Oral cavity lesions; Tobacco chewing; Buccal cavity;
Squamous cell carcinoma.