Sushruta Samhita describes the ancient tradition of surgery in India and is considered as one of the brilliant gems in ancient Indian medical literature. Sushruta was the famous surgeon of Kashi, known as Banaras. He used to teach and practice around 600 BC and has made significant contributions to various branches of medicine. Sushruta Samhita written by him is the foundation of Indian traditional system of medicine and it contains 186 chapters. Sushruta Samhita is considered as the landmark in the field of surgery and Acharya Sushruta is glorified as “Father of Indian Surgery” “Father of Ancient Plastic Surgery”. In this review an attempt has been made to highlight the ancient surgical concepts of Sushruta Samhita which are being practiced even today with same basic principles but after modifications and amendments.

Keywords: Sushruta; Samhita; Shalya.