Introduction: Although the mortality rate for preterm infants and the gestational age-specific mortality rate has dramatically improved over the last few decades, infants born preterm remain vulnerable to many complications, including respiratory distress syndrome, chronic lung disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, cardiovascular disorders, hearing and vision problems, and neurological insult. Infants born at the lower limit of viability have the highest mortality rates and the highest rates of all complications. Few studies have reported mortality and morbidity rates in gestational age-specific categories, which limits the information available for counseling of parents before a preterm delivery and for making important decisions on the timing and mode of delivery. Aims: To establish perinatal mortality among preterm babies and to identify the neonatal complications in preterm labour. Methodology: This study was conducted in the department of OBG, Goa Medical College over a period of one and half years. Considering the facilities at the neonatal unit of the institution, 28 weeks was taken as the lower limit for period of viability for this study. Neonates born to patients admitted with preterm labour were followed up in the immediate neonatal period to note neonatal complications and the effect of preterm birth on the neonate. Results: The study showed the incidence of preterm births to be 7.81%. The commonest postnatal complications were hyperbilirubinemia (60.36%), respiratory distress syndrome (36.06%), hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (35.36%) and sepsis (23.42%). Most neonatal complications were seen in those with birth weight <1.5kg. 81.98% of preterm babies were admitted in the NICU. Perinatal mortality in this study was 12.22%, which included 6 stillbirths. Respiratory distress syndrome was the most common cause of mortality, responsible either solely for mortality or was associated with other causes like pulmonary haemorrhage and early onset sepsis, followed by Anomalous neonates. Conclusions: Improvements in management of preterm labour may improve the outcome of preterm neonates.