The purpose of the study is this study is to assess the effectiveness of dose of intratracheal surfactant administered during the progression of RDS followed by rapid extubation and institution of CPAP without mechanical ventilation as a cost effective treatment. Parental informed consent was obtained prior to the procedure. Arterial blood gas analysis was performed before the procedure.Its is a descriptive case control study .Infants with surfactant therapy and NCPAP were taken as (surfactant group) and infants to whom parental consent was not given and who came late to hospital were taken as (control group). The total length of duration in the hospital is almost similar in both the groups. The reason being other than the respiratory problem in the surfactant group like NEC, and feeding problems. But the patients requiring the intensive care is less which may lessen the cost for the treatment and make it as a cost effective treatment. There is a significant decrease in the need for MV in the surfactant group compared to control group.The reduction in the need for MV decreased the risk of airleak syndrome and is advantageous in medical settings where resources are limited like in our country. There is a significant decrease in the need for MV in the surfactant group compared to control group.The reduction in the need for MV decreased the risk of airleak syndrome and is advantageous in medical settings where resources are limited like in our country.

Keywords: Pulomonary; Intubation; Surfactant.