Abstract Typhoid fever, is a life-threatening illness associated with fever i.e. a systemic infection which is caused by Salmonella enteric serotype typhi (S. Typhi). It can also be caused by Salmonella paratyphi, a related bacterium that usually leads to a less severe illness. Typhoid fever also known as Enteric fever is an infectious disease of global distribution. Although there is a wealth of data on Salmonella typhimurium infection in the mouse and the interaction of this serovar with human cell lines in vitro, there is a relatively small amount of data on S typhy and the pathogenesis of typhoid fever. Salmonella enteric serotype Typhi has created a significant therapeutic problem as these strains have developed resistance to the commonly used antimicrobials for the treatment of typhoid fever. To reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by typhoid fever, many preventive measures and strategies have been employed, the most important being vaccination. In this review, focus is on: latest symptoms & causes of the typhoid fever, preventative strategies including good diet, treatment and typhoid vaccine.