Abstract Context: Malaria is endemic in tropics and subtropics with India contributing to 75% of the cases in South East Region. The early diagnosis of malaria is essential to treat patients and to prevent complications especially in cerebral malaria. Aims: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of different techniques available like Peripheral smear, Quantitative Buffy coat (QBC), and Rapid Diagnostic tests (RDT) in the diagnosis of malaria. Settings and Design: Prospective study for duration of one year. Methods and Material: Blood samples from all clinically suspected cases of malaria were routinely subjected to peripheral smear examination, QBC & RDT for the presence of malaria parasite. Statistical analysis used: Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive predictive value and Negative predictive value were analyzed using standard formulae. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive value and Negative predictive values were 100%, 99.6%, 97% and 100% for QBC and 100%, 99.2%, 95% and 100% for RDT respectively. Conclusions: RDTs are equally or more sensitive and specific than peripheral smear and QBC. Newer Pf /Pv specific antigen card can distinguish mixed and PF infections unlike old Pf/ Pan RDTs. However further studies are required to assess cost effectiveness and efficiency of different RDTs.
Keywords: Malaria Diagnosis; Rapid Diagnostic Test; QBC.